帶孔零構件的噴丸
對帶孔(kong)(kong)(kong)零件的(de)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan),應注意(yi)同時把孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)內壁(bi)也(ye)進行噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)處理。直徑(jing)大(da)于(yu)(yu)20mm的(de)淺孔(kong)(kong)(kong),在工(gong)藝上容(rong)易實現(xian)上述要(yao)求(qiu)。對于(yu)(yu)直徑(jing)小于(yu)(yu)20mm的(de)孔(kong)(kong)(kong),采(cai)(cai)用普通的(de)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)工(gong)藝,孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)內壁(bi)難(nan)已獲得足夠的(de)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)強度和均(jun)勻的(de)覆蓋率。如果對孔(kong)(kong)(kong)采(cai)(cai)取特殊的(de)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)處理工(gong)藝,即使(shi)是(shi)對小直徑(jing)的(de)深孔(kong)(kong)(kong),也(ye)可獲得良好的(de)強化(hua)效果。這(zhe)種特殊的(de)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)工(gong)藝可以適用于(yu)(yu)直徑(jing)為6mm深度為100mm的(de)深孔(kong)(kong)(kong),要(yao)求(qiu)內壁(bi)噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)的(de)孔(kong)(kong)(kong),孔(kong)(kong)(kong)邊必需加工(gong)倒角。
薄板件的噴丸處理
在某些情況下,噴丸處理會引起(qi)薄板(ban)屈(qu)服(fu)強(qiang)度(du)的(de)降低。故對屈(qu)服(fu)強(qiang)度(du)有嚴格(ge)要(yao)求的(de)薄板(ban)構件,必須(xu)考慮噴丸對其屈(qu)服(fu)強(qiang)度(du)的(de)影響(xiang)。此外還存在噴丸變形的(de)問題等。
氣動式噴丸設備
氣動式(shi)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)設備主要是以壓縮(suo)空氣驅動彈丸(wan)(wan)達到(dao)高(gao)速度(du)后(hou)撞擊工(gong)件的(de)受(shou)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)表面。氣動式(shi)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)機可以安置多個噴(pen)(pen)(pen)嘴(zui),其位置和(he)方向調整方便,能大限度(du)的(de)適應受(shou)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)工(gong)件的(de)幾(ji)何(he)形狀。可利用壓縮(suo)空氣的(de)壓強來調節噴(pen)(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)強度(du),操作比(bi)較靈(ling)活(huo)。
1、吸入(ru)式氣動噴丸機
壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣通過噴(pen)(pen)嘴(zui)的磨料和(he)空(kong)氣的混合(he)室,在彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)的入口處(chu)形成負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya),壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣將彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)從貯丸(wan)(wan)(wan)箱內(nei)吸用(yong)氣流(liu)中,使(shi)彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)被(bei)加速。吸用(yong)式噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji)適用(yong)于玻璃(li)彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)或小尺寸(cun)金屬(shu)彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan),大質量(liang)彈(dan)(dan)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)很難由負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)吸用(yong)噴(pen)(pen)嘴(zui)。噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作時,噴(pen)(pen)嘴(zui)與(yu)工(gong)件(jian)被(bei)噴(pen)(pen)面(mian)需(xu)保持(chi)一定的距離,例如(ru)100~250mm范圍,而(er)且噴(pen)(pen)嘴(zui)與(yu)被(bei)噴(pen)(pen)面(mian)還需(xu)保持(chi)一定角(jiao)度。噴(pen)(pen)丸(wan)(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作時,工(gong)作臺帶動工(gong)件(jian)旋轉,使(shi)受噴(pen)(pen)表面(mian)均勻覆蓋(gai)。
2、重力式氣動噴丸機(ji)
這(zhe)類噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji),彈丸(wan)(wan)依靠(kao)專門(men)的(de)(de)提(ti)升機(ji)(ji)構上升到一定(ding)的(de)(de)高度(du),然后經過(guo)彈丸(wan)(wan)分離器,按所需流(liu)量進入噴(pen)嘴,重力式噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)噴(pen)嘴與吸入式相同,工作時的(de)(de)區別在于彈丸(wan)(wan)是賴自(zi)重進入噴(pen)嘴,因此,能比較(jiao)好的(de)(de)控制彈丸(wan)(wan)速度(du)和彈流(liu)量。重力式氣動噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)機(ji)(ji)結構比吸入式復雜,適(shi)全使用比重、直徑(jing)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)金屬彈丸(wan)(wan)。
葉輪式離心噴丸機
他(ta)是由彈(dan)丸送進管1通過彈(dan)丸控(kong)制閥(fa)2進入高還旋轉(zhuan)的(de)葉輪3中(zhong)心,被葉片(pian)4的(de)離心力(li)拋出(chu)。改變分配器(qi)5的(de)開口(kou)位置(zhi),可(ke)以控(kong)制彈(dan)丸的(de)噴射方(fang)向(xiang),見下圖;
彈丸(wan)(wan)的(de)速度,取決于(yu)葉(xie)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速和彈丸(wan)(wan)質量,通(tong)常,葉(xie)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速在1500~3000rpm之間,葉(xie)輪(lun)式噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)機的(de)優點,是彈丸(wan)(wan)流量大,生產(chan)效率高,適(shi)合大尺(chi)寸(cun)表面的(de)噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)強化(hua)。由于(yu)葉(xie)輪(lun)是固(gu)定(ding)的(de),噴(pen)丸(wan)(wan)時只能(neng)把零件的(de)受(shou)噴(pen)面移進(jin)彈丸(wan)(wan)流內,不適(shi)宜形(xing)狀(zhuang)復雜的(de)零件。